4. The response of the climate system to a perturbation

• 4.1 Climate forcing and climate response
  • 4.1.1 Notion of radiative forcing
  • 4.1.2 Major radiative forcings
    • 4.1.2.1 Greenhouse gases
    • 4.1.2.2 Aerosols
    • 4.1.2.3 Land use changes
    • 4.1.2.4 Solar and volcanic forcings
  • 4.1.3 Equilibrium response of the climate system - a definition of feedback
  • 4.1.4 Transient response of the climate system
  
  
• 4.2 Direct physical feedbacks
  • 4.2.1 Water vapour feedback and lapse rate feedback
  • 4.2.2 Cloud feedback
  • 4.2.3 Cryospheric feedbacks
  
  
• 4.3 Geochemical, biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedbacks
  • 4.3.1 The carbonate compensation
  • 4.3.2 Interaction between plate tectonics, climate and the carbon cycle
  • 4.3.3 Interactions between climate and the terrestrial biosphere
  
  
• Cited references and further reading
  
  
• Exercises
  
  
• Web links